Production of Mn3O4 nanoparticles from a manganiferous iron ore via reductive leaching, precipitation, and calcination

Altıner M., Top S., Bouchekrit C., Kurşunoğlu S.

Hydrometallurgy, cilt.208, 2022 (SCI-Expanded) identifier identifier

  • Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
  • Cilt numarası: 208
  • Basım Tarihi: 2022
  • Doi Numarası: 10.1016/j.hydromet.2021.105810
  • Dergi Adı: Hydrometallurgy
  • Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Academic Search Premier, Aerospace Database, Chemical Abstracts Core, Communication Abstracts, Compendex, INSPEC, Metadex, Civil Engineering Abstracts
  • Anahtar Kelimeler: Manganiferous iron ore, Mn3O4 nanoparticles, Reductive leaching, Precipitation, Calcination, FACILE SYNTHESIS, MANGANESE ORES, THERMAL-DECOMPOSITION, ELECTROCHEMICAL PROPERTIES, MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES, ROOM-TEMPERATURE, SULFURIC-ACID, PARTICLE-SIZE, MN2O3, PERFORMANCE
  • Abdullah Gül Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

© 2021 Elsevier B.V.The synthesis of Mn3O4 nanoparticles from a manganiferous iron ore through reductive leaching, precipitation, and calcination was investigated. The reductive leaching results showed that Mn (99.9%) was almost completely extracted into the leaching solution along with a substantial amount of Mg (99.9%), Al (99.5%), Ca (80%), and Fe (22.9%) under the following conditions: 30 g/L tartaric acid as a reducing agent, 1 M HCl solution, leaching temperature of 90 °C, and leaching duration of 3 h. In the first precipitation step, Fe and Al were expelled from the pregnant leach solution by the addition of NaOH prior to conducting the precipitation experiments for the production of manganese carbonate (MnCO3) particles from the purified solution. In the second precipitation step, MnCO3 particles were produced using sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) as the precipitating agent. The effects of parameters such as reaction temperature, Na2CO3 concentration, and experimental duration were investigated using the Taguchi approach. Manganse(II) was precipitated in the form of MnCO3 particles (97.4%) under the following conditions: a temperature of 30 °C, Na2CO3 concentration of 0.014 mol/L, and duration of 30 min. The precipitate was observed to have a structure similar to that of rhodochrosite (MnCO3). Thermogravimetric/differential thermal analyses were subsequently performed in three different atmospheres (air, oxygen, and nitrogen) to select a suitable atmosphere for calcination. The experimental results indicated the formation of hausmannite (Mn3O4) with a purity of 97.5% Mn3O4, 0.42% MgO, 1.66% CaO, and 0.34% FeO. The specific surface area, particle size, Curie temperature, magnetisation, coercivity, and remanence ratio of the final product obtained via 3 h of calcination at 350 °C were estimated to be 133.3 m2/g, <142.2 nm, 56 K, 10.10 Am2/kg, 0.35 T, and 0.19, respectively. The characterisation results revealed the excellent low-temperature ferromagnetic properties of the produced Mn3O4 nanoparticles.