Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
Transport Policy, cilt.188, ss.1-12, 2026 (SSCI)
This study explores the relationships among highway expansion, transport energy consumption, and carbon emissions in Europe. Using panel data from 30 countries between 2011 and 2020, it applies fixed-effects quantile regression, supported by panel stationarity, cross-sectional dependence, and cointegration tests, together with panel Granger causality analysis. The findings show that highway expansion is positively associated with transport energy demand at the lower conditional quantiles, while negative associations emerge across most of the remaining distribution. These patterns are consistent with the possibility that the balance between induced-demand and network-efficiency mechanisms differs across the distribution. Highway expansion is also negatively associated with carbon emissions across most quantiles. The study further identifies varying patterns of price elasticity in transport energy demand across the conditional distribution. These results underline the importance of accounting for heterogeneity when evaluating infrastructure–environment relationships and provide relevant evidence for transport policies concerned with energy efficiency and climate change mitigation.