Research Information System
14. ELT International Conference, Ankara, Turkey, 26 September - 27 December 2025, pp.152-173, (Full Text)
Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) has a crucial role in reshaping English language
teaching, offering teachers opportunities to design engaging and learner-centered
instructional materials. Despite the growing interest in teachers’ and learners’
perceptions towards AI tools, the practical use of such tools in developing
instructional materials remains underexplored. This study aimed to explore how
English as a Foreign Language (EFL) instructors use and perceive the use of AI tools
to develop listening materials. Data were gathered from four teachers through
individual think aloud sessions and individual semi-structured interviews. Artefacts
including AI-generated listening materials and instructors’ written interactions with
AI tools were also used for triangulation. The data were analyzed through thematic
analysis. The results showed that instructors used multiple AI tools for planning,
scriptwriting, audio generating, and tasks designing. The teachers also
acknowledged that generative AI provided them a valuable support by reducing time
to develop materials or adapt them. However, these tools also had several limitations
since using them requires pedagogical competence and AI-literacy skills. The results
of this study have pedagogical implications for EFL instructors as well as for teacher
educators by highlighting the importance of developing critical awareness of how and
when to use AI tools in the development of language learning materials.